The map above simulates a 300-kiloton nuclear airburst over Rio de Janeiro, Brazil — roughly the size of a modern deployed warhead. The coloured rings show the estimated fireball, the zones of heavy, moderate and light blast damage, the reach of the thermal flash and the ionizing-radiation dose. Drag the marker or change the weapon in the full simulator to explore other scenarios.
The metropolitan area is home to about 13.5 million people — the rings above are drawn to real scale over their homes.
The marker is in Centro, near Cinelândia and the Lapa arches. The 1.9 km zone of total destruction covers the business district, the Candelária church, Praça XV and the Santos Dumont airport runway; the 4.7 km collapse ring reaches the Sambadrome, Glória, the port's Mauá square and Santa Teresa's hill. Third-degree burns extend to about 7.5 km over Flamengo, Botafogo's northern edge, São Cristóvão, the Maracanã stadium and the Mangueira favela; the 14.5 km ring of broken windows reaches Copacabana, Tijuca, Niterói across the bay, the Rio–Niterói bridge and Ilha do Governador's southern tip.
Greater Rio has about 13 million inhabitants, and no city on this list has terrain like it: Corcovado, Sugarloaf and the Tijuca massif rise straight out of the urban fabric and would cast deep shadows from the thermal flash, while Guanabara Bay absorbs much of the blast to the east. Switch on terrain shadows to see the effect. Brazil is part of the Latin American nuclear-weapon-free zone; see Nuclear arsenals.
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