The map above simulates a 300-kiloton nuclear airburst over Kyiv, Ukraine — roughly the size of a modern deployed warhead. The coloured rings show the estimated fireball, the zones of heavy, moderate and light blast damage, the reach of the thermal flash and the ionizing-radiation dose. Drag the marker or change the weapon in the full simulator to explore other scenarios.
The metropolitan area is home to about 3 million people — the rings above are drawn to real scale over their homes.
The marker is on Maidan Nezalezhnosti. The 1.9 km zone of total destruction covers Khreshchatyk, St Sophia's and St Michael's cathedrals, the Golden Gate, the government quarter on Hrushevskoho Street and the central railway station's approach; the 4.7 km collapse ring reaches the Pechersk Lavra, Podil, the Olympic Stadium, Lukianivka and the Dnipro's right bank. Third-degree burns extend to about 7.5 km across the river to Hidropark and the Left Bank's edge, over Shuliavka, Solomianka and the Motherland Monument; the 14.5 km ring of broken windows reaches Obolon, Troieshchyna, Darnytsia, Sviatoshyn and Zhuliany airport.
Kyiv has about 3 million residents and sits on steep hills above the Dnipro: the right-bank bluffs would shadow the riverside districts below them, and the wide river and islands absorb part of the blast. Ukraine inherited the world's third-largest arsenal in 1991 and gave it up under the 1994 Budapest Memorandum; the arsenals article covers that history.
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